A newborn baby is in a state of sleep for most of its life. The health of the baby largely depends on how complete it is. If a child does not sleep enough, the formation of neural connections will occur slowly, and this will certainly affect brain development. Given the above, parents should know as much as possible about the phases and other characteristics of sleep in a child under one year old.
A child's sound sleep is the dream of all parents
Sleep cycles in newborns
When a baby is just born, when he sleeps, he only experiences the REM sleep phase. This allows the brain to fully develop. Since strength is restored rather slowly during REM sleep, the baby sleeps almost all the time. During the process of fast-wave rest, a number of processes occur in the child’s body:
- relieving tension from the central nervous system;
- brain reboot;
- consolidation of information received during the day;
- brain stimulation through dreams;
- relaxation of the body as a whole.
REM sleep is a restful state in which the baby does not sleep too deeply, causing brain activity to continue. When the baby enters the second month, REM sleep will be replaced by long sleep, since the baby will need much more time to restore energy and strength.
Hold
- The situation when the baby is a month old and sleeps for 30 minutes can be corrected by swaddling (fixes the arms and legs from throwing up). After the baby falls asleep, you help him move from one phase of sleep to another;
- Place your hand on your tummy or back and a few minutes before the moment of the usual jumping up with awakening, lightly press, holding the handles. This will slow down the baby’s physical activity;
- If he is swaddled, then simply hold him with your hand - the pressure of the diaper will be enough so that sleep is not interrupted;
- You can hiss a little (shhh) at the same time, this can also calm him down. If you do this for at least a week, then gradually he will learn to switch from one phase to another, and will do this without anyone’s help.
Take care of your sleep and health and that of your babies.
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Sleep from birth to one year old
What does a biochemical blood test show in a child under one year old?
If an adult goes through six phases in their sleep, then in children from one month to one year there are only two:
- deep;
- superficial.
Many children categorically refuse to sleep if their parents are not around.
The duration of sleep changes during the first year, and very significantly:
- The first two weeks after birth, the baby sleeps from 20 to 22 hours. In this case, the child wakes up almost every 30 minutes, stays awake for a short time and falls asleep again. For him there is neither day nor night. Frequent awakenings at this time are the norm.
- From two weeks to about three months, sleep time will gradually decrease to 16-18 hours per day. The baby will already get used to the environment and a certain routine. At this age, he will already be able to survive the night (at least six hours) without feeding, and during the daytime he will begin to more actively explore the world around him.
- At three months, it is enough for a baby to sleep 15-16 hours a day. The rest of the time it will remain active.
- Until about six months, the total number of hours of sleep will remain unchanged. Of the average 15 hours, 8 will be spent on night sleep, and the rest will be spent on short “quiet” hours during the day lasting half an hour to an hour, sometimes an hour and a half.
- At the age of six months to 9 months, the time that a child sleeps during the day is reduced to 12 hours a day. The baby will sleep most of it at night. During the day it should be laid down for an hour and a half in the first and second half of the day.
- Starting from 9 months, children will need 10-11 hours for proper rest, which includes two daily naps.
How much should a baby sleep at 1 month of age?
Sleep pattern of a baby in the first month of life
In the first month of his life, a newborn baby sleeps 18-20 hours a day. He slowly begins to realize what day and night are.
In the first three weeks, the baby may not sleep so soundly and wake up every hour to eat.
Soon the period of wakefulness will begin to increase, the baby will peer with interest at objects. The child will not go to bed according to the previous routine.
Duration of sleep of a newborn one month of life at night and during the day
- A child has 4 daytime sleep periods and 1 nighttime sleep period per month.
- As a rule, it is enough for newborns to rest for 8-9 hours during the day, and 10-12 at night.
- The baby should be put to bed at a certain period - from 9 pm to 9 am. It is at this time that night falls for the newborn.
The baby sleeps little and restlessly at the age of one month: reasons
Of course, if a month-old baby does not sleep at any time of the day, you should sound the alarm. Remember - the baby should rest both at night and during the day!
Pay attention to your child, he may not sleep for various reasons.
- The room is stuffy or humid. Ventilate the room before putting your child to bed.
- An external stimulus interferes - music, conversation, a fly and other environmental factors.
- Temperature cooling or overheating. The baby may be hot or cold. Swaddle him so that he feels cozy and warm.
A 1 month old baby constantly sleeps: why?
According to pediatricians, a newborn can sleep 18-20 hours a day. And this is not a problem if the little man rests most of the time of the day.
Take this opportunity and get some sleep yourself. Typically, this period will not last long. Remember that the child can adopt the mother’s habit of sleeping during the day and not closing her eyes at night.
It is better for mothers to adjust their sleep schedule in advance during pregnancy rather than not accustom their child to a new schedule later.
Why does a child sleep for 30 minutes?
The baby's stool is sandy-colored - the normal color of stool in newborns.
30 minutes is the normal sleep cycle for babies under 6 months. Over time, this time period increases and by the age of one year it is already a full hour. In adults, the sleep cycle lasts an hour and thirty minutes on average; there are from 4 to 6 similar cycles per night. The transition from one cycle to another involves a short awakening. For an adult, it goes unnoticed, and in the morning no one remembers turning over on the other side or adjusting the pillow.
Long daytime sleep is the key to children's health
An infant is not yet able to independently move from one sleep cycle to another. This is the reason why a child sleeps for 30 minutes during the day and then wakes up. Having figured out why the child sleeps for 30 or 40 minutes during the day, most parents quite logically wonder what to do in such a situation, because this time is completely insufficient.
Practice shows that adjusting short sleep is not an easy task, which, nevertheless, will have to be solved. If you don’t teach your baby to associate sleep cycles in a timely manner, he will chronically not get enough sleep. Closer to the point when the thirty-minute cycle expires, mommies need to be ready. As soon as the baby starts to spin, immediately offer him the breast, rock him or soothe him in another familiar way, which will help him go through the transition to the deep sleep phase. You should practice such actions for at least a week. After this, the baby’s body will get used to it and understand how to rest correctly.
Sleep during the day for 15-20 minutes
Sometimes babies sleep during the day for even less than half an hour: only 15 or 20 minutes. In this case, the recommendations for extending daytime sleep and linking cycles will be the same. In some cases, if the baby does not show signs of lack of sleep, behaves calmly and is gaining weight well, perhaps he is simply at the age norm, and there is absolutely no reason to worry.
Sleep during the day 40 minutes
Forty minutes for an infant's nap in most cases will also not be enough. But this is still better than 20. However, if after a short sleep the baby wakes up without tears and sleeps well at night, there is no need to break the daily routine.
The child does not sleep well at night and often wakes up if:
- one of the most common reasons is hunger, the child either does not eat enough (if he is still gaining weight poorly), or does not know how to stock up on food, if feedings during the day are more often than 4 hours after 4 months, less than once every 3 hours before 4 months;
- there was too much sleep during the day and the child feels sleepy already in the middle of the night;
- late bedtimes (the longest phases of deep sleep, usually from 19 to 24 hours. They give the body complete rest. If the child did not manage to sleep 3-4 hours before 12 am, overexcitation can “wake him up” and prevent him from falling asleep);
- something is disturbing: lighting, night light, extraneous noise, etc.
- if the child wakes up in the middle of the night, do not talk to him, do not smile, do not turn on the light, do not change the diaper unless necessary (the child is not a newborn);
- does not know how to fall asleep on his own (falling asleep in his mother’s arms, and waking up in the crib, the child tries to return to the original conditions under which he fell asleep);
- got overexcited when putting him to bed (when the parents rock him, sing a song, and read a book, then they get tired and let him crawl...)
- before going to bed at night there was too long a period of wakefulness, it is much more difficult to put an overtired child to sleep, it is better to organize a short additional evening nap;
- natural needs (thirst, hunger) or discomfort (cold-hot-stuffy, itching or pain during teeth growth, as well as snoring and difficulty breathing), stomach pain, gas. The baby may start to stay awake at night if he immediately wants to go to the toilet and experiences discomfort, but while the mother was sorting it out, the dream “flew away”.
- Separation anxiety (fear of separation from mother) appeared after 7 months, disappears with age. Try to give the child more attention and care during this period, do not ignore him, calm him down with your voice, take him in your arms, hug him.
- got scared of something in a dream (after 10 months). In their dreams, small children can reproduce images seen on TV and become frightened by them. Keep track of what your child is watching that scares him or makes him nervous. Before going to bed at night, it is better to limit vivid visual images.
Is short sleep harmful?
At what age can a child be given liver - how to prepare it
It is impossible to unequivocally answer the question whether a short nap of 30 minutes is harmful or beneficial for infants. For most children, this is not enough time to rest. If reluctance to sleep for a long time is normal, and the child is cheerful and cheerful in this mode, there is no need to panic. In this case, the following points are much more important:
- Is your baby getting the recommended daily amount of sleep for his age?
- how long he stays awake between naps during the day;
- how many hours does he sleep at night?
Important! Even half an hour's sleep has a positive effect on the baby's mastering of new skills, memorization of information and memory development.
Although short sleep is considered to be less restorative than long sleep, there is no convincing scientific evidence for this claim. Short daytime naps are especially inconvenient for mothers of overly alert babies, since they have absolutely no time left for themselves or for other household chores. And maintaining a routine throughout the day in such cases turns out to be difficult.
Inappropriate time for daytime sleep;
There are certain times during the day when it is best for your baby to fall asleep. There are several time periods: in the morning, from 8.30 to 9.30, in the afternoon, from 12.30 to 14.00, and in the afternoon, 15.00–16.00.
Let me note once again that this is NOT the time to go to bed, but physiological cycles when the body is most relaxed and goes to sleep more easily. You create your child’s routine yourself, taking into account the child’s age, duration of previous sleep and signs of fatigue.
Learning to fall asleep independently
An infant should be taught to fall asleep independently from about six months of age. At 6 months, the baby no longer needs frequent night feedings and can stay in his crib or cradle for a long period of time.
The better babies sleep, the faster they develop.
In order not to cause harm to the child’s nervous system, training should be as painless as possible. To do this, you will need to adhere to the following simple recommendations:
- It is necessary to put the baby in the crib strictly at the same time. This will accustom his body to a certain regime.
- It is worth performing rituals that are pleasant for the baby before going to bed. For example, singing a lullaby, reading a fairy tale, or putting the same beautiful pajamas on the child. Over time, these actions will be firmly etched in the child’s memory as a clear signal for sleep.
- If the baby is naughty, it would be a good idea to give him a bath and a relaxing massage.
- You can buy an original and bright night light, the inclusion of which will tell your baby that it is time to fall asleep.
Important! Putting a baby to sleep without motion sickness should take no more than 10 minutes. If all the preparatory procedures take longer, they will be difficult to understand. This is fraught with the fact that the child, even if he eventually falls asleep, will sleep very restlessly - his fragile brain will diligently process the information received.
How to fix the situation?
Analysis of the cause of a child’s sleep pattern failure
Analyze what served as the starting point for changing the child’s routine. If it’s a too hot room or an uncomfortable sleepover at night, you just need to prevent this from happening. Start creating a daily routine. Try to go outside with your baby at the same time, eat, play, and swim, too. If the baby gets used to the order of actions: they played, listened to a fairy tale, took a swim, went to bed. Then, after leaving the bath, he will begin to yawn, his body will prepare for sleep.
But at one point this mechanism may not work. For example, after a child’s illness, when he slept poorly at night, I couldn’t fall asleep for a long time, I slept in my mother’s arms. Well, in this case, we will have to form a regime again. Holidays, when mom also wants to stay at the table, or she needs to cook something tasty, can also “break” the regime. You need to ensure that these changes are as minimal as possible.
We strictly monitor the child’s diet
If your baby has a tummy ache after 3 months, a nursing mother should think about her diet. Perhaps some of your dishes didn’t suit your child. On the Internet you can find a lot of advice on what to eat for a mother during lactation. Some people advise eating everything except outright fast food by three months. Spare your baby’s intestines, don’t eat legumes, introduce them into your diet later, indulge in confectionery, cream cake is great, but not for your baby.
Perhaps you don’t eat “everything”, watch your diet, and the baby, who by age should have gotten rid of colic, still “complains” about his tummy and sleeps poorly
Pay attention to which food has a negative effect and don't eat it yet. What to do if your diet is very strict, but problems persist? Contact your pediatrician, you may need to check the child’s intestinal microflora
Breastfed children rarely suffer from dysbiosis if they or their mother have not been prescribed antibiotics, but it is still worth checking.
Don't let your child get tired
If a child is overtired and has trouble falling asleep, he will sleep longer than usual, try to compensate for the lack of sleep with a nap, and again try to play until midnight. This cannot be allowed. In the morning, wake up your baby at a time close to usual. Let him play for a couple of hours. You need to wake up correctly, in the shallow sleep phase. Then a touch or noise in the kitchen will be enough to wake him up.
And in the evening go to bed at the set time. If the child does not immediately fall asleep, there is no need to pick him up again, play, or take him into the common room to communicate with the family. Give him the opportunity to calm down and fall asleep, you can sing a lullaby or just talk. If you can’t immediately move the time to fall asleep to the desired numbers, do it gradually. Put your baby to bed 5-10 minutes earlier every day. This will take time, but will make the procedure painless.
It is imperative to ensure that the child receives adequate exercise for the body and mind. A child, even a newborn, requires attention not only in terms of satisfying his natural needs (fed, washed, swaddled), you need to talk to him, do exercises, and when he gets older (from 3 months) play, constantly complicating the games.
Newborn sleeps during the day and does not sleep at night: analysis of all the reasons
How to ensure good sleep
It is impossible to find parents who would not want their child to sleep well and soundly. To achieve this, you will have to make some efforts:
- Find out experimentally in what conditions a newborn sleeps better and more soundly: at home in his crib, outdoors in a stroller, next to his mother, etc., and place him there more often.
- Place the baby's bed away from the mother's bed. Often children wake up at night simply out of habit. If you support it with constant feeding, then getting rid of it will be problematic. At the same time, the mother should pull herself together and not run to the child at his first cry. It will be very useful to place the baby in another room (necessarily equipped with a baby monitor). But not all mothers consider this move acceptable, despite the fact that it significantly improves both the quality and quantity of infant sleep.
- It is important to strictly observe the time of putting the baby in the crib. If you miss it, the child will become overexcited and will not be able to fall asleep for a long time.
- The room should be well ventilated, dim lights should be turned on, and the baby should be dressed in comfortable clothes for sleeping.
Happy sleeping baby
A huge number of books have been written about the nuances associated with the problem of children falling asleep. Whatever theory the author adheres to, his work will still be based on the statement that any child can be taught to sleep. When implementing this or that method, parents should remember that any innovation should be introduced consistently and gradually. You also need to be prepared for the fact that at first the baby will actively resist and try to hold on to old habits that have already formed.